Задание №16278 ЕГЭ по Английскому языку

Установите соответствие между текстами A-G и заголовками 1-8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. Local specialty
2. Variety of forms
3. Different volumes
4. Shining when polished
5. The most expensive one
6. Popular art object
7. Sold by weight
8. Fuels to boil water

Тексты:

Текст A: The first samovars were made in the Urals in 1740. Alongside the Tula pryanik, the samovar is regarded as one of the most distinctive brands of the city of Tula (180 km south of Moscow), where it has been mass produced since the end of the 18th century. Historians found the first mention of the “water-heating machine” in documents dating to 1740 — a copper samovar was manufactured at the Demidov Manufacture in the town of Suksun in the Urals.

Текст B: The original samovars burned solid fuels, and had a pipe and burner. Any type of fuel was used for heating the water: coal, wood or pine cones. Pine cones burn quickly but they add an aroma of pine needles to the water. Today, pine cones are added to the fuel only when the water is about to boil. In traditional samovars water is heated by means of a vertical tube, containing burning charcoal, running up the middle of the urn.

Текст C: Samovars differ not only in the design of their handles and taps, but also in shape. The cheapest and most popular ones are the cylindrical variety. Then there are samovars shaped like a vodka glass, sphere, vase or egg. Some samovars were made in the shape of a gun barrel or a bullet, and were rounded at the base; there were also samovars as round as watermelons, or pear-shaped. Also popular was a samovar used for travelling — rectangular or square in shape with detachable legs.

Текст D: In the early 19th century the price of a samovar depended on the weight of the material it was made of. At first, they were made of copper, but these tended to stop working soon after being cleaned. So the craftsmen switched to brass, cupronickel, and pinchbeck. The weight indirectly indicated the quality of the samovar: thick walls last longer than thin ones; the water inside is slower to cool; and the body of the samovar acquires fewer dents.

Текст E: The most common capacity of a samovar is 3–8 liters. Smaller ones are rarer as they are more difficult to make and consequently more expensive to buy. Samovars for one glass were called “The Egoist”; and for two, “The Tête-à-tête.” The children of Nicholas II had five one-glass samovars made for them in 1909 by craftsmen from Tula. Each had a unique design, and they can be viewed today at the Tula Samovar Museum.

Текст F: Monuments can be seen in the home of the samovar — the town of Suksun in the Perm Region, and, of course, in Tula. A magnificent four-meter bronze specimen with a bundle of bubliks (Russian-style bagels) was erected in the former merchant town of Yelabuga. There are also monuments in Kungur (1,200 km from Moscow), a town regarded in the 19th century as the tea capital of Russia, in Gorodets (Nizhny Novgorod Region) and Mytischi (Moscow Region).

Текст G: In its nearly 300-year history, this Russian “kettle” has metamorphosed from an expensive household item and family heirloom to an object of art. Highest price paid for a samovar was 274,400 pounds sterling. This was the amount that one sold for at a Sotheby's auction in London in 2004. This pure silver samovar, crafted in the form of a forest sprite (Leshiy), was made in 1899–1908 by the legendary jeweler, Carl Fabergé. The body was covered with cast elements, and was shaped and chased. The buyer was a wealthy Russian collector.