Задание №16240 ЕГЭ по Английскому языку

Установите соответствие между текстами A-G и заголовками 1-8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

Заголовки:

1. Unique bills
2. The bird’s reproduction
3. Remarkable appearance
4. Dietary habits
5. Types and subtypes
6. Pelican population
7. Typical behaviour
8. Menaces to birds

Тексты:

Текст A: Pelicans belong to the genus Pelecanus in the family Pelecanidae or the order Pelecaniformes. The two best-known types have white feathers, the North American white pelican and the European white pelican. Other species and their scientifi c names include the brown pelican, the Peruvian pelican, the great white pelican, the Australian pelican, the pink-backed pelican, and the Dalmatian pelican. The further subdivision into subgroups encompasses New World and Old World pelicans.

Текст B: Easily recognized by their large body sitting on short legs and a long wingspan, these birds are also characterized by their webbed feet, long necks, and, most notably, their unique beak and accompanying large pouch. Their tails are short and square, while their wings are long and broad, making them suitable for gliding on air currents. Most of them have light-colored plumage, except for brown and Peruvian pelicans, the latter of which have bright feathers. All of these birds become brightly colored during the breeding season.

Текст C: Pelicans have the largest beaks of any bird. In some species, the beak can reach up to 18 inches long. The large pouch, called a gular, underneath the beak is the pelican’s most unique feature. These birds use their anatomy primarily to scoop up fish and then drain out the water that comes with their catch, but some birds also use their beak pouch as a way to cool themselves by swinging it back and forth on warm days.

Текст D: Pelicans are extremely social birds, living in colonies of several hundred individuals. They like to be around other bird species, too, including cormorants or flamingos. Depending on the species, they built nests in trees, bushes, or on the ground. When they are not eating, they spend their time sleeping, sunbathing, or preening. At dusk, the bird will settle down to sleep with their heads resting back on their shoulders, eyes closed, and feathers ruffled against the cold.

Текст E: These birds are carnivores, eating a diet primarily of fish. Their favorites are carp, shiners, mullet, and minnows, although preferred fish vary by species. They will also eat amphibians, crustaceans, insects, other birds, and even small mammals. They eat in groups or by themselves, although Dalmatian and pink-backed pelicans prefer to eat alone. Brown and Peruvian pelicans spot their prey at great heights and then dive into the water to retrieve their catch. Pelicans like to congregate on islands.

Текст F: Because of their large size, these birds have few predators. Wild dogs and coyotes can be counted among their predators, along with cats. However, the greatest threat to their existence comes from humans. The use of the insecticide DDT in the 20th century caused their eggshells to thin, almost wiping out brown pelicans. As more people moved to coastal areas, development intruded on pelican nesting areas. After DDT was banned in 1972, the brown pelican population rebounded. They are no longer considered endangered but are listed as vulnerable.

Текст G: These birds are monogamous for a single season. Males use various tactics to attract females when mating. Males in some species change the color of their pouch and neck feathers during courtship to attract females. Both sexes are involved in building nests that usually consist of feathers, leaves, and sticks. Ground-nesting species have a complicated courtship ritual that consists of several males chasing after one female. Tree-nesting species have a more simple courtship where males advertise for females.